11/6/2022 0 Comments Cellular respiration an overview![]() ![]() Therefore, the process is called oxidative decarboxylation. This is called oxidation (removal of hydrogen or addition of oxygen) and decarboxylation (removal of carbon dioxide). Once the pyruvate is in the mitochondrion, enzymes within the matrix of the mitochondrion remove hydrogen and carbon dioxide from the pyruvate. Mitochondria in cells take up the pyruvate which is formed from glycolysis in the cytoplasm. The first reaction to take place is the link reaction. Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria of cells. The oxidisation of the pyruvate forms part of the aerobic respiration and therefore is called aerobic cell respiration. However, the pyruvate produced from glycolysis cannot be oxidised further without the presence of oxygen. This forms the anaerobic part of cell respiration and therefore is called anaerobic cell respiration. Glycolysis can take place without oxygen. The role of NADH + H +, the electron transport chain and the role of oxygen. įigure 8.1.1 - Steps in glycolysis 8.1.3 Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of a mitochondrion as seen in electron micrographs.įigure 8.1.2 - Labelled diagram of a mitochondrion 8.1.4 Explain aerobic respiration, including the link reaction, the Krebs cycle, Also, two NAD + are converted into NADH + H + during glycolysis. ![]() Therefore there is a net yield of two ATP molecules. Two ATP molecules are used and 4 ATP molecules are produced. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. ![]() These phosphate groups are given to ADP molecules and form ATP. Step 4 - Two pyruvate molecules are formed by removing two phosphate groups from each molecule. NAD + is the hydrogen carrier that accepts the hydrogen atoms lost from each triose phosphate molecule. This will result in two 3-carbon compounds, each carrying two phosphate groups. The energy released by the oxidation is used to add another phosphate group to each molecule. Two atoms of hydrogen are removed from each molecule. Step 3 - Each triose phosphate molecules is oxidised. Hexose biphosphate splits into two molecules of triose phosphate. These two phosphate groups are provided by two molecules of ATP. Two phosphate groups are added to glucose to form hexose biphosphate. 8.1.2 Outline the process of glycolysis, including phosphorylation, lysis, oxidation and ATP formation. Oxidation involves the loss of electrons from an element, whereas reduction involves the gain of electrons and that oxidation frequently involves gaining oxygen or losing hydrogen, whereas reduction frequently involves losing oxygen or gaining hydrogen. Of electrons and that oxidation frequently involves gaining oxygen or losing hydrogen, whereas reduction frequently involves losing oxygen or gaining hydrogen. Loss of electrons from an element, whereas reduction involves a gain Chromosomes, genes, alleles & mutationsĬell respiration 8.1.1 State that oxidation involves the. ![]() Lactate production in humans when anaerobic respiration is used to maximize the power of muscle contractions.Īnalysis of results from experiments involving measurement of respiration rates in germinating seeds or invertebrates using a respirometer. Use of anaerobic cell respiration in yeasts to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide in baking. ĪTP from cell respiration is immediately available as a source of energy in the cell.Īnaerobic cell respiration gives a small yield of ATP from glucose.Īerobic cell respiration requires oxygen and gives a large yield of ATP from glucose. Cell respiration is the controlled release of energy from organic compounds to produce ATP. ![]()
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